Ọganihu igwe mgbapụta ihe na-adabere kpamkpam na hydraulic cylinders iji nweta ebuli elu, ịgbatị na mpịachi kwesịrị ekwesị. Silinda ndị a na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru nrụgide dị elu, ibu dị arọ, na ọnọdụ ọrụ siri ike (dịka ikpughe na ihe fọdụrụnụ, uzuzu, na mgbanwe okpomọkụ), na-eme ka nlekọta mgbe niile na nrụzi oge dị mkpa iji gbochie ọdịda mberede ma hụ na nchekwa ọrụ. Edemede a na-akọwa usoro isi ihe na echiche teknụzụ maka ịrụzi cylinders hydraulic nke ụgbọ ala mgbapụta kọmpụta, na-ekpuchi nkwadebe tupu arụ ọrụ, ịkwasa, nyocha, ngbanwe akụrụngwa, nhazigharị, na nyocha nrụzigharị.
1. Nkwadebe tupu emezi: Nchekwa na Njikere Ngwá Ọrụ
Nchekwa bụ ihe kacha mkpa tupu ịmalite ọrụ nrụzi ọ bụla. Nke mbụ, dọba ụgbọala nke simenti n'ala dị larịị, siri ike ma tinye breeki ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala. Wetuo ọganihu ahụ gaa n'ọnọdụ kwụsiri ike (ma ọ bụ jiri etiti nkwado ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị ike iwetu ọganihu ahụ) iji belata nrụgide na cylinder hydraulic. Gbanyụọ injin gwongworo ma kwụpụ batrị ka ị ghara ịgbalite sistemu hydraulic na mberede. Na-esote, hapụ nrụgide fọdụrụnụ na sekit hydraulic: jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ tọpụ nkwonkwo mmanụ mmanụ nke cylinder (iji eriri na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkwụsịtụ) mgbe ị na-etinye mmanụ mmanụ n'okpuru ebe a na-anakọta mmanụ hydraulic na-agbapụta, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị mmanụ mmanụ dị elu na-agbapụ ka ọ ghara imerụ ahụ.
Maka nkwadebe ngwá ọrụ, kpokọta ngwá ọrụ pụrụ iche ka ịzenarị ihe ndị bụ́ nke ziri ezi mebie. Ngwá ọrụ ndị dị mkpa gụnyere: otu ihe nkedo nke torque wrenches (nke nwere oke 0-500 N · m, kwesịrị ekwesị maka ịgbatị nkọwa dị iche iche nke bolts), nkwụsị nke hydraulic cylinder disassembly (iji dozie cylinder siri ike n'oge a na-ekpochapụ), onye na-adọkpụ piston (maka iwepụ piston na gbọmgbọm cylinder ahụ n'enweghị nsogbu), onye na-ehicha ultrasonic dị ka ihicha na obere ihe. valvụ), ihe nleba anya n'elu (iji lelee mgbidi dị n'ime nke gbọmgbọm cylinder na elu nke mkpanaka piston), na nhazi nke akụkụ ndị na-anọchi anya (dị ka akara, O-mgbanaka, mgbanaka uzuzu, na aka uwe nduzi, nke ga-adabarịrị ụdị cylinder-dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka Sany SY5419THB ụgbọ mmiri mgbapụta, jiri ihe mkpuchi mbụ nke nitrile mmanụ na-eguzogide ọgwụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị elu nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị elu nke mmanụ na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị elu nke nitrile. corrosion).
2. Mwepụ nke Silinder Hydraulic: Nzọụkwụ-site-nzọụkwụ na mgbochi mmebi.
Kwasasịa cylinder n'ime ụlọ ọrụ dị ọcha, nke na-adịghị uzuzu (ma ọ bụ jiri mkpuchi uzuzu ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-arụ ọrụ n'èzí) iji gbochie mmetọ ịbanye na sistemu hydraulic. Usoro nkewasa ga-agbaso usoro nhazi cylinder iji zere nrụrụ akụrụngwa:
- Wepu Njikọ Mpụga: Jiri mgbanaka oghere kwụpụ eriri ntinye mmanụ na ọkpọkọ mpụta na okpu ngwụcha cylinder. Kanye ọkpọkọ ọ bụla na njikọ ya na akara (dịka ọmụmaatụ, “Inlet Pipe - Rod End”) ka ịzena njikọ na-ezighi ezi n'oge a na-ezukọta. Jiri okpu rọba dị ọcha tinye ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ọkpọkọ na oghere mmanụ cylinder ka iji gbochie uzuzu ma ọ bụ irighiri ịbata.
- Wepụ Okpu Ọgwụgwụ na mkpanaka Piston: Idozi gbọmgbọm cylinder na nkwụsi ike disassembly. Jiri mgbanaka mgbawa iji tọpụ ihe mgbochi na-ejikọta okpu n'ihu (nkwụsị mkpanaka) na gbọmgbọm cylinder-tinye mgbatị ahụ nke ọma (dịka, 80-120 N·m maka M16 bolts) iji gbochie okpu njedebe ka ọ ghara ịdaba. Mgbe i wepụsịrị bolts, jiri rọba mallet kpatụ okpu njedebe nke ọma wee dọpụta ya n'ahịrị. Mgbe ahụ, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ wepụ mkpanaka piston (na piston ahụ jikọtara) na gbọmgbọm cylinder ahụ, na-ezere ịcha elu elu mkpanaka piston n'akụkụ ọnụ gbọmgbọm cylinder ahụ.
- Kwusaanụ ihe dị n'ime: Kewapụ piston na mkpanaka piston site na iwepu nut mkpọchi (jiri spanner nke na-enweghị ihe mgbochi iji gbochie mkpanaka piston na-atụgharị). Wepụ mgbakọ akàrà (gụnyere isi akara, mgbanaka ndabere, na ihe nkpuchi) site na piston na okpu ngwụcha-jiri ihe nhọta rọba mee ihe iji zere imebi oghere akara.
3. Nyocha akụrụngwa: Isi ihe achọrọ maka nnọchi
A ga-enyocharịrị akụkụ nke ọ bụla gbasasịrị iji chọpụta ma a ga-arụkwa ya ma ọ bụ dochie ya. Ndị a bụ ihe nyocha na ụkpụrụ:
- Silinder BarrelLelee mgbidi dị n'ime maka ncha, corrosion, ma ọ bụ eyi. Jiri ihe nleba anya n'elu iji tụọ ike - ọ bụrụ na ọ gafere Ra0.8 μm (ọkọlọtọ maka gbọmgbọm cylinder hydraulic), a ga-agbanwerịrị gbọmgbọm ahụ. Maka obere ncha (omimi <0.2 mm), jiri mpempe akwụkwọ dị mma (800-1200 mesh) mee ka elu ahụ dị na ntụziaka nke axis cylinder, ma hụ na dayameta dị n'ime na-anọgide n'ime oke ndidi (dịka, ± 0.05 mm maka 160 mm n'ime dayameta gbọmgbọm).
- Piston Rod: Nyochaa elu elu maka dent, chrome plating peeling, ma ọ bụ ekwe. Jiri akara ọkpụkpọ tụọ ogologo ogologo - ma ọ bụrụ na ogo ịgbagọ gafere 0.5 mm kwa mita, a ga-agbatị mkpanaka ahụ (iji igwe na-agbatị hydraulic) ma ọ bụ dochie ya. Lelee chrome plating ọkpụrụkpụ na ihe mkpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ nlele; ọ bụrụ na ọ na-erughị 0.05 mm, megharịa mkpanaka ahụ ka ọ ghara imebi.
- Akara na O-RingsNyocha maka mgbawa, ike siri ike, ma ọ bụ nrụrụ. Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na enweghi mmebi doro anya, dochie akara niile na ndị ọhụrụ (dị ka akara na-emebi oge n'ihi ịka nká mmanụ na mgbanwe okpomọkụ). Gbaa mbọ hụ na akara ọhụrụ ahụ nwere otu nha na ihe dị ka nke mbụ-dịka ọmụmaatụ, jiri akara fluororubber maka cylinders na-arụ ọrụ na gburugburu okpomọkụ dị elu (n'elu 80 Celsius) iji gbochie ịka nká.
- Ntuziaka Sleeve na Piston: Lelee oghere dị n'ime aka uwe ntuziaka maka uwe - ma ọ bụrụ na nkwụsị n'etiti ogwe aka nduzi na mkpanaka piston karịrị 0.15 mm (nke a na-eji nlele mmetụta), dochie aka uwe nduzi. Lelee oghere mkpuchi piston maka nrụrụ; Ọ bụrụ na a na-ebelata omimi nke oghere site na ihe karịrị 0.1 mm, dochie piston iji hụ na akara ahụ dabara nke ọma.
4. Nchikota: Nrụ ọrụ nkenke iji hụ na arụ ọrụ akara
Nhazigharị bụ azụ nke mkposa, mana nkenke dị oke mkpa iji zere ntapu ma ọ bụ ọdịda arụ ọrụ. Soro usoro ndị a dị mkpa:
- Ngwa dị ọcha: Tupu mgbakọ, hichaa ihe niile (gụnyere gbọmgbọm cylinder, mkpanaka piston, na akara ọhụrụ) na ihe nhicha mmanụ hydraulic raara onwe ya nye (zere iji mmanụ ụgbọala ma ọ bụ dizel, nke nwere ike imebi akara). Ghichaa ihe ndị ahụ na ikuku abịakọrọ (nrụgide <0.4 MPa) iji gbochie mmiri ma ọ bụ ihe fọdụrụnụ.
- Wụnye Akara: Tinye akwa akwa mmanụ hydraulic (otu ụdị dị ka mmanụ usoro, dịka, ISO VG46) na akara ọhụrụ ma tinye ha n'ime oghere akara. Maka akara isi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, akara U-cup), hụ na egbugbere ọnụ na-eche ihu na ntụziaka nke nrụgide mmanụ-nwụnye na-ezighị ezi ga-eme ka ọnyà siri ike. Jiri ihe nrụnye akara (akara aka plastik) ka ịtinye akara ahụ n'ime oghere, na-ezere ntụgharị.
- Kpọkọtanụ Piston na Piston Rod: Kpoo piston n'elu mkpanaka piston ma mee ka nut na-ekpochi na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo ike (dịka, 250-300 N·m maka mkpụrụ M24). Jiri ihe nkwojiaka torque iji hụ na ọbụlagodi ike, ma jiri ntụtụ kpọchie akị ahụ (ọ bụrụ na a kwadoro ya) iji gbochie ịtọpụ mgbe a na-arụ ọrụ.
- Wụnye Piston Rod n'ime Cylinder Barrel: Tinye mmanụ hydraulic n'elu mkpanaka piston na mgbidi dị n'ime cylinder barrel. Wụnye mkpanaka piston n'ime gbọmgbọm ahụ nwayọ na kwụ ọtọ, hụ na piston agaghị adaba na mgbidi dị n'ime gbọmgbọm ahụ. Mgbe ahụ, wụnye okpu n'ihu, dozie oghere ndị ahụ, ma mee ka bolts dị na usoro crisscross (torque ga-adaba na nkọwapụta nke onye nrụpụta-dịka, 100 N·m maka M18 bolts) iji hụ na a na-emechi okpu njedebe nke ọma.
- Jikọọ Ọkụ mmanụ: Jikọọ ọnụ ụzọ mbata mmanụ na ọkpọkọ dị ka akara ndị emere n'oge a na-ekesa. Jikọọ ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ na eriri ọkụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, 40-60 N·m maka ọkpọkọ 1-inch) iji zere ịgbachi nkịtị, nke nwere ike imebi eri.
5. Nnwale Ndozi mgbe emechara: Nyochaa arụmọrụ na nchekwa
Mgbe emegharịrị, mee nnwale zuru oke iji hụ na hydraulic cylinder na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma:
- Nnwale enweghị ibu: Jikọọ batrị wee malite engine gwongworo. Mee ka igwe na-achịkwa ọganihu gbatịa ma weghachite cylinder ugboro 5-10 na ọsọ dị ala (10-15 mm/s). Lelee maka ntanye na mkpuchi njedebe na nkwonkwo mmanụ mmanụ - ọ bụrụ na mmiri na-eme, kwụsị ule ahụ ozugbo wee lelee ntinye akara ma ọ bụ bolt torque.
- Nnwale ibu: Jiri ihe nrịbama iji tụọ nrụgide usoro hydraulic n'oge arụ ọrụ. Gbatịkwuo ọganihu ahụ n'ogologo ya kacha elu wee tinye ibu (50% nke ibu akwadoro, dịka ọmụmaatụ, tọn 10 maka ọganihu 20-ton) maka nkeji 30. Lelee ma ọ bụrụ na cylinder ahụ na-ejide ibu ahụ nke ọma (ọ dịghị 沉降 doro anya) ma ọ bụrụ na nrụgide ahụ na-anọgide n'ime oke akara (dịka, 25-30 MPa).
- Nnwale arụmọrụ: Nyochaa ọsọ nke cylinder na nzaghachi site n'ịgbanwe ọganihu ọganihu na ịgbatị ọsọ. Gbaa mbọ hụ na mmegharị ahụ dị larịị (enweghị mkpọtụ ma ọ bụ mkpọtụ) yana ọsọ dabara na nkọwapụta onye nrụpụta (dịka, 30-40 mm / s maka ịgbatị).
6. Ndụmọdụ nlekọta na nlekọta mgbe emechara
Iji gbatịa ndụ ọrụ nke cylinder hydraulic arụziri, soro ndụmọdụ ndị a:
- Mgbanwe mmanụ mgbe niile: Dochie mmanụ hydraulic kwa awa 2000 na-arụ ọrụ (ma ọ bụ otu ugboro n'afọ, nke ọ bụla na-abịa). Jiri mmanụ na-emezu ihe sistemu chọrọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmanụ hydraulic na-egbochi iyi nke nwere viscosity nke ISO VG46) wee jiri nzacha 10 μm yochaa mmanụ ahụ iji wepụ adịghị ọcha.
- Hichaa ihe nzacha ikuku: Ihe nzacha ikuku nke usoro hydraulic na-egbochi uzuzu ịbanye-na-ehicha ya kwa awa 500 ọ bụla ma dochie ya kwa awa 1000.
- Nyocha kwa ụbọchị: Tupu ojiji nke ọ bụla, lelee cylinder maka ntanye, mkpanaka piston maka ncha, na ọkwa mmanụ dị na tank hydraulic. Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtara mkpọtụ na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ mmegharị nwayọ, kwụsị ọrụ wee lelee cylinder ozugbo.
Mmechi
Silinda hydraulic bụ isi ihe na-eme ka ụgbọ ala na-agbapụta kọmpụta, yana ịdị mma ya na-emetụta arụmọrụ na nchekwa nke gwongworo ahụ ozugbo. Site n'ịgbaso usoro zuru ezu nke nkwadebe tupu a na-emezi ihe, nhazi nhazi nke ọma, nyocha nke ngwa ngwa, nhazi nhazi nke ọma, na nyocha zuru ezu nke nrụzigharị, ndị ọkachamara nwere ike hụ na cylinder hydraulic na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Mgbe nile mmezi na-adọ nnọchi nke eyi components bụghị nanị ibelata ihe ize ndụ nke mberede ọdịda kamakwa ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke dum ọganihu usoro, n'ịhụ na ihe mgbapụta gwongworo rụrụ stably na-ewu oru ngo.