Kusamalira Mwatsatanetsatane Ma Cylinders a Hydraulic kwa Konkire Pampu Truck Booms 

Mabomba a galimoto ya konkriti amadalira kwambiri masilindala a hydraulic kuti akwaniritse kukweza bwino komanso kokhazikika, kukulitsa, ndi kupindika mayendedwe. Masilindalawa amagwira ntchito mopanikizika kwambiri, katundu wolemetsa, komanso zovuta zogwirira ntchito (monga kuwonekera kwa zotsalira za konkriti, fumbi, ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha), kupanga kukonza nthawi zonse ndi kukonzanso panthawi yake ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kulephera kwadzidzidzi ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo chogwira ntchito. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za masitepe ofunikira komanso malingaliro aukadaulo pakukonzanso ma silinda a hydraulic a ma booms a pampu ya konkriti, kuphimba kukonzekera kusanachitike, kuphatikizika, kuyang'anira, kusinthira magawo, kugwirizanitsa, komanso kuyesa pambuyo pokonzanso.

1. Kukonzekera Kukonzekera Kwambiri: Chitetezo ndi Kukonzekera Zida

Chitetezo ndicho chofunikira kwambiri musanayambe ntchito iliyonse yokonza. Choyamba, ikani galimoto yopopera konkire pamalo athyathyathya, olimba ndikuyika mabuleki oimikapo magalimoto. Tsitsani boom kuti ikhale yopingasa (kapena gwiritsani ntchito chimango chothandizira ngati boom sichingatsitsidwe) kuti muchepetse kupanikizika pa silinda ya hydraulic. Zimitsani injini yagalimoto ndikudula batire kuti mupewe kuyambitsa mwangozi ma hydraulic system. Kenako, masulani kukakamiza kotsalira mu hydraulic circuit: masulani pang'onopang'ono zitoliro zamafuta za silinda (pogwiritsa ntchito wrench yokhala ndi torque limiter) ndikuyika poto yamafuta pansipa kuti mutenge mafuta othamanga, kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe kupopera kwamafuta othamanga kwambiri kuti avulaze.

Pokonzekera zida, sonkhanitsani zida zapadera kuti mupewe kuwononga zida zolondola. Zida zofunika zikuphatikizapo: seti ya makokedwe wrenches (ndi osiyanasiyana 0-500 N·m, oyenera kumangitsa specifications zosiyanasiyana za mabawuti), hayidiroliki yamphamvu disassembly choyimilira (kukonza yamphamvu stably pa disassembly), pisitoni ndodo chokoka (pochotsa bwinobwino pisitoni ku zitsulo zitsulo zitsulo valavu ang'onoang'ono kuyeretsa) choyesa pamwamba (kuti muwone khoma lamkati la mbiya ya silinda ndi pamwamba pa ndodo ya pisitoni), ndi magawo ena olowa m'malo (monga zisindikizo, mphete za O, mphete zafumbi, ndi manja owongolera, omwe amayenera kufanana ndi mtundu wa silinda - mwachitsanzo, kwa Sany SY5419THB yokhala ndi zida zapampu zamphamvu zokhala ndi zida zamphamvu zapampu kapena kukana ma mphira amtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamagetsi kapena ma mphira othamanga kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta).

2. Disassembly wa Hydraulic Cylinder: Gawo ndi Gawo ndi Kupewa Zowonongeka

Gwirani silinda mu malo oyera, opanda fumbi (kapena gwiritsani ntchito chivundikiro cha fumbi ngati mukugwira ntchito panja) kuteteza zowononga kulowa mu hydraulic system. Mayendedwe a disassembly ayenera kutsata kapangidwe ka silinda kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwa zigawo:

1. Chotsani Maulumikizidwe Akunja: Gwiritsani ntchito socket wrench kuti musalumikize polowera mafuta ndi mapaipi otulutsira kuchokera kumapeto a silinda. Chongani chitoliro chilichonse ndi cholumikizira ndi chizindikiro (monga "Inlet Pipe - Ndodo End") kuti musalumikizidwe molakwika pakuphatikizanso. Lumikizani madoko a mapaipi ndi mabowo amafuta a silinda ndi zipewa zapulasitiki zoyera kuti fumbi kapena zinyalala zisalowe.
2. Chotsani End Cap ndi Piston Rod: Konzani mbiya ya silinda pa choyimitsira disassembly. Gwiritsani ntchito wrench ya torque kuti mutulutse mabawuti olumikiza kapu yakutsogolo (mapeto a ndodo) ku mbiya ya silinda - gwiritsani ntchito torque mofanana (mwachitsanzo, 80-120 N·m kwa ma bolts a M16) kuti chipewacho chisagwedezeke. Mukachotsa mabawuti, gwiritsani ntchito mphira kuti mugwire chipewa chakumapeto mofatsa ndikuchikoka mopingasa. Kenako, kokani pang'onopang'ono ndodo ya pisitoni (yolumikizidwa ndi pisitoni) kuchokera mu mbiya ya silinda, kupewa kukanda pamwamba pa ndodo ya pistoni m'mphepete mwa silinda.
3. Gwirani Zida Zamkati: Kulekanitsa pisitoni ku ndodo ya pisitoni pochotsa nati wokhoma (gwiritsani ntchito sipanela yokhala ndi chopanda chotchinga kuti pisitoni isazungulire). Tulutsani chosindikizira (kuphatikiza chisindikizo chachikulu, mphete yosunga zobwezeretsera, ndi chosindikizira) kuchokera pa pisitoni ndi kapu yomaliza - gwiritsani ntchito chotolera cha pulasitiki kuti musawononge ma groove osindikizira.

3. Kuwunika Kwachigawo: Zofunikira Zofunika Kusintha

Chigawo chilichonse chophwanyidwa chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa kuti adziwe ngati akonza kapena kusintha. Zotsatirazi ndi zofunikira zowunikira ndi miyezo:

• Mtsinje wa Cylinder: Yang'anani khoma lamkati ngati pali zokala, dzimbiri, kapena zatha. Gwiritsani ntchito choyesa pamwamba kuti muyese kuuma kwake - ngati kupitirira Ra0.8 μm (muyezo wa migolo ya silinda ya hydraulic), mbiya iyenera kusinthidwa. Pazing'ono zazing'ono (kuya <0.2 mm), gwiritsani ntchito sandpaper yabwino-grit (800-1200 mesh) kuti mupukutire pamwamba polowera ku axis ya silinda, koma onetsetsani kuti m'mimba mwake muli mkati mwa kulekerera (mwachitsanzo, ± 0.05 mm kwa mbiya yamkati ya 160 mm).
• Piston Rod: Yang'anani kunja kwa ziboda, zopendekera za chrome, kapena kupindika. Gwiritsani ntchito chizindikiro choyimba kuti muyese kuwongoka-ngati digiri yopindika iposa 0.5 mm pa mita, ndodo iyenera kuwongoledwa (pogwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera a hydraulic) kapena kusinthidwa. Yang'anani makulidwe a chrome plating ndi ❖ kuyanika makulidwe; ngati ili yosakwana 0.05 mm, kongoletsaninso ndodoyo kuti isachite dzimbiri.
• Zisindikizo ndi O-Rings: Yang'anani ngati ming'alu, kuuma, kapena kupindika. Ngakhale palibe zowonongeka zoonekeratu, sinthani zisindikizo zonse ndi zatsopano (monga zisindikizo zimawonongeka pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha ukalamba wa mafuta ndi kusintha kwa kutentha). Onetsetsani kuti zisindikizo zatsopano zili ndi kukula ndi zinthu zofanana ndi zoyambirira - mwachitsanzo, gwiritsani ntchito zosindikizira za fluororubber pamasilinda omwe amagwira ntchito kumalo otentha kwambiri (pamwamba pa 80 ° C) kuti asamakalamba chifukwa cha kutentha.
• Kuwongolera Sleeve ndi Piston: Yang'anani bowo lamkati la kalozera kuti livalidwe - ngati chilolezo chapakati pa dzanja la wotsogolera ndi ndodo ya pistoni chikuposa 0.15 mm (chopimidwa ndi geji yomveka), sinthani dzanja la wowongolera. Yang'anani mitsinje yosindikizira ya pisitoni kuti iwonongeke; ngati kuya kwa groove kuchepetsedwa ndi kupitilira 0.1 mm, sinthani pisitoni kuti muwonetsetse kuti chisindikizo chikugwirizana mwamphamvu.

4. Ressembly: Kuchita Zolondola Kuonetsetsa Kuti Kusindikiza Kugwira Ntchito

Reassembly ndiye chosinthira cha disassembly, koma kulondola ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kutayikira kapena kulephera kwa magwiridwe antchito. Tsatirani izi:

1. Zigawo Zoyera: Musanasonkhanitse, yeretsani zigawo zonse (kuphatikiza mbiya ya silinda, ndodo ya pistoni, ndi zisindikizo zatsopano) ndi makina oyeretsera mafuta a hydraulic (peŵani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena dizilo, zomwe zingawononge zisindikizo). Yamitsani zigawozo ndi mpweya woponderezedwa (kukakamiza <0.4 MPa) kuti muteteze madzi kapena zotsalira kuti zisakhale.
2. Ikani Zisindikizo: Ikani mafuta ochepa a hydraulic mafuta (mtundu wofanana ndi mafuta a dongosolo, mwachitsanzo, ISO VG46) ku zisindikizo zatsopano ndikuziyika muzitsulo zosindikizira. Kwa chisindikizo chachikulu (mwachitsanzo, chisindikizo cha U-chikho), onetsetsani kuti milomo ikuyang'anizana ndi mphamvu ya mafuta-kuyika molakwika kumayambitsa kutulutsa kwakukulu. Gwiritsani ntchito chida chosindikizira (chovala chapulasitiki) kukankhira chisindikizo mu poyambira, kupewa kupotoza.
3. Sungani Piston ndi Piston Rod: Mangani pisitoni pa ndodo ya pisitoni ndikumangitsa nati wokhoma pa torque yotchulidwa (mwachitsanzo, 250-300 N·m kwa mtedza wa M24). Gwiritsani ntchito wrench ya torque kuti muwonetsetse mphamvu, ndikutseka mtedzawo ndi pini ya cotter (ngati ili ndi zida) kuti musamasuke pogwira ntchito.
4. Ikani Piston Rod mu Cylinder Barrel: Ikani mafuta a hydraulic pamwamba pa ndodo ya pistoni ndi khoma lamkati la mbiya ya silinda. Kanikizani ndodo ya pisitoni mu mbiya pang'onopang'ono komanso mopingasa, kuonetsetsa kuti pisitoniyo siombana ndi khoma lamkati la mbiyayo. Kenaka, sungani kapu yakutsogolo, gwirizanitsani mabowo a bawuti, ndikumangitsani ma bolts mumtundu wa crisscross (makokedwe ayenera kufanana ndi zomwe wopanga amapanga-mwachitsanzo, 100 N · m kwa ma bolts a M18) kuonetsetsa kuti chipewacho chimasindikizidwa mwamphamvu.
5. Gwirizanitsani Mapaipi a Mafuta: Lumikizaninso mapaipi olowetsa mafuta ndi potulutsa potengera zolemba zomwe zidapangidwa panthawi ya disassembly. Limbikitsani zitoliro ndi wrench ya torque (mwachitsanzo, 40-60 N·m kwa mapaipi a 1-inch) kuti mupewe kumangirira kwambiri, zomwe zingawononge ulusi.

5. Kuyesa Pambuyo Kukonzekera: Kutsimikizira Magwiridwe Antchito ndi Chitetezo

Mukayambiranso, chitani mayeso okwanira kuti mutsimikizire kuti silinda ya hydraulic imagwira ntchito bwino:

• Mayeso Opanda Katundu: Lumikizani batire ndikuyambitsa injini yagalimoto. Yambitsani chowongolera chowongolera kuti chiwonjezeke ndikubweza silinda nthawi 5-10 pa liwiro lotsika (10-15 mm/s). Yang'anirani kutayikira kumapeto kwa zipewa ndi zolumikizira zapaipi yamafuta - ngati kutayikira kukuchitika, yimitsani mayeso nthawi yomweyo ndikuwunika kuyika chisindikizo kapena torque ya bawuti.
• Katundu Mayeso: Gwiritsani ntchito chopimitsira kuti muyese kupanikizika kwa hydraulic system panthawi yogwira ntchito. Wonjezerani chiwongolerocho mpaka kutalika kwake ndikuyika katundu (50% ya katundu wovotera, mwachitsanzo, matani 10 a 20-tani ovotera boom) kwa mphindi 30. Yang'anani ngati silinda imasunga katunduyo mokhazikika (palibe zodziwikiratu 沉降) ndipo ngati kupanikizika kumakhalabe mkati mwa chiwerengero (mwachitsanzo, 25-30 MPa).
• Mayeso Ogwira Ntchito: Yesani kuthamanga kwa silinda ndi kuyankha kwake posintha kukweza ndi kukulitsa liwiro. Onetsetsani kuti mayendedwe ndi osalala (palibe jitter kapena phokoso) ndipo liwiro limagwirizana ndi zomwe wopanga amapanga (mwachitsanzo, 30-40 mm / s kuti akule).

6. Malangizo Othandizira ndi Kusamalira Pambuyo Kukonzanso

Kuti muwonjezere moyo wautumiki wa silinda ya hydraulic cylinder, tsatirani malangizo awa:

• Kusintha Mafuta Okhazikika: Bweretsani mafuta a hydraulic maola 2000 aliwonse ogwirira ntchito (kapena kamodzi pachaka, chilichonse chomwe chimabwera poyamba). Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira za dongosolo (mwachitsanzo, anti-wear hydraulic mafuta okhala ndi viscosity ya ISO VG46) ndikusefa mafutawo ndi fyuluta ya 10 μm kuchotsa zonyansa.
• Yeretsani Sefa ya Mpweya: Sefa ya mpweya ya hydraulic system imalepheretsa fumbi kulowa - iyeretseni maola 500 aliwonse ogwirira ntchito ndikuyikanso m'malo 1000 aliwonse.
• Kuyendera Tsiku ndi Tsiku: Musanagwiritse ntchito nthawi iliyonse, yang'anani silinda ngati ikutha, ndodo ya pisitoni ngati yang'ambika, komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta mu thanki ya hydraulic. Ngati phokoso lachilendo kapena kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kwazindikirika, siyani kugwira ntchito ndipo yang'anani silinda nthawi yomweyo.

Mapeto

Silinda ya hydraulic ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamagalimoto amtundu wa konkriti, ndipo mawonekedwe ake okonza amakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito ndi chitetezo cha galimotoyo. Potsatira ndondomeko yatsatanetsatane yokonzekera kukonzekera kusanachitike, disassembly yokhazikika, kuyang'anitsitsa chigawo, kukonzanso molondola, ndi kuyesa kwathunthu pambuyo pokonzanso, akatswiri amatha kuonetsetsa kuti silinda ya hydraulic ikugwira ntchito modalirika. Kusamalira nthawi zonse komanso kusintha kwanthawi yake kwa zida zowonongeka sikungochepetsa chiopsezo cha kulephera mwadzidzidzi komanso kumawonjezera moyo wautumiki wa dongosolo lonse la boom, kuwonetsetsa kuti galimoto yopopera konkriti imagwira ntchito mokhazikika pantchito yomanga.