ububiko

Guhitamo ububiko bwububiko bukwiye kubyo ukeneye

Iki gitabo cyuzuye kirasesengura ubwoko butandukanye bwa ububiko bwububiko, kugufasha guhitamo igisubizo cyiza kubikorwa byububiko bwihariye. Tuzareba ibintu by'ingenzi tugomba gusuzuma, harimo ubushobozi, kugera, isoko y'ingufu, n'ibiranga umutekano. Gusobanukirwa nibi bintu bizafasha gufata neza ibikoresho hamwe nakazi keza.

Ubwoko bwububiko bwa Cranes

Imbere ya Cranes

Crane yo hejuru, izwi kandi nk'ikiraro cya kiraro, ni ibintu bisanzwe mububiko bwinshi. Zigizwe nimiterere yikiraro kizenguruka ubugari bwububiko, gishyigikira trolley igenda ikiraro. Iyi mikorere yemerera guterura no kugenda imitwaro iremereye ahantu hanini. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa crane yo hejuru irahari, harimo igitereko kimwe na bibiri bya girder, buri kimwe gikwiranye nubushobozi bwihariye nuburemere. Reba uburemere bwimitwaro iremereye nubunini bwububiko bwawe mugihe uhisemo crane yo hejuru. Kwishyiriraho neza no kubungabunga buri gihe ni ngombwa kubwumutekano no kuramba. Kubikorwa binini-binini, cyangwa bisaba ubushobozi bwo guterura hejuru, gukubitwa kabiri ububiko birashobora kuba amahitamo meza.

Jib Cranes

Jib crane nigisubizo cyoroshye, cyiza kububiko buto cyangwa ahakorerwa imirimo murwego runini. Zigizwe na jib ukuboko gushizwe kumutwe uhagaze, kwemerera guterura no kugenda mumaradiyo make. Jib crane ikoreshwa muburyo bwo guterura imitwaro mito kandi iraboneka muburyo butandukanye, harimo kurukuta, kurugero rwubusa, na cantilever jib crane. Guhitamo hagati yaya mahitamo biterwa n'umwanya uhari hamwe nogukoresha. Kubijyanye no gupakira no gupakurura amakamyo mububiko bwawe, kurugero, jib ihagaze neza ububiko irashobora kuzamura imikorere neza.

Gantry Cranes

Crane ya Gantry isa na crane yo hejuru ariko ikorera hasi aho guhagarikwa hejuru. Ibi bituma babera porogaramu yo hanze cyangwa ahantu hashobora gushyirwaho hejuru ya crane idashoboka. Bakunze gukoreshwa mu gukora ibihingwa, ibibuga byoherezwa, hamwe n’ahantu hafunguye. Mugihe bidakunze kugaragara mububiko bwimbere, gantry ububiko bwububiko irashobora gutanga inyungu zidasanzwe mugihe ukorana nibikoresho binini bidasanzwe cyangwa biremereye. Kimwe na crane yo hejuru, gantry crane iza mubishushanyo bitandukanye bifite ubushobozi butandukanye bwo guterura, bityo rero witonze witonze ibisabwa umutwaro ni ngombwa.

Ibintu ugomba gusuzuma muguhitamo ububiko bwububiko

Guhitamo uburenganzira ububiko bikubiyemo gusuzuma neza ibintu byinshi. Muri byo harimo:

Ubushobozi bwo Kuzamura: Menya uburemere ntarengwa crane yawe ikeneye guterura. Buri gihe wemerere umutekano.
Kuzenguruka no kugera: Gupima intera crane ikeneye gupfukirana kandi ntarengwa isabwa.
Inkomoko y'imbaraga: Hitamo hagati yamashanyarazi, pneumatike, cyangwa hydraulic yamashanyarazi ukurikije ibyo ukeneye nibidukikije. Crane yamashanyarazi mubisanzwe irashobora gukoreshwa mububiko bwo murugo.
Ibiranga umutekano: Shyira imbere crane hamwe nuburinzi burenze, guhagarara byihutirwa, nubundi buryo bwumutekano. Kugenzura umutekano buri gihe n'amahugurwa y'abakoresha nabyo ni ngombwa.
Ibisabwa Kubungabunga: Reba amafaranga akomeje yo kubungabunga no gusana ajyanye na buri bwoko bwa kane.

Guhitamo neza

Guhitamo abatanga isoko bazwi nibyingenzi. Utanga isoko yizewe azatanga ubuyobozi mugihe cyo gutoranya, kwemeza abatoranijwe ububiko yujuje ibisabwa byihariye. Bagomba kandi gutanga serivisi zuzuye, kubungabunga, no gusana. Mugihe ukora ubushakashatsi kubatanga isoko, reba ibyo basuzumye kumurongo hamwe nubuhamya kugirango umenye kwizerwa na serivisi zabakiriya.

Umwanzuro

Guhitamo ibikwiye ububiko ni icyemezo gikomeye kigira ingaruka nziza, umutekano, nigiciro rusange cyibikorwa. Iyo usuzumye witonze ibintu byavuzwe haruguru no gufatanya nuwabitanze wizewe, urashobora guhindura imikorere yububiko bwawe kandi ukareba neza aho ukorera. Wibuke gushyira imbere umutekano kandi buri gihe ujye inama nababigize umwuga kugirango ushyireho kandi ubungabunge.